MW+and+Zhafir+Islamic+Empire+Project

**Islamic Empire: Ottoman Empire **


Origin of the Ottoman Empire: The ottomans were just one of many tribe in central Turkey. media type="youtube" key="i5jE7y5vT5M" height="315" width="420"

=Economic systems in the empire =
 * The city of Istanbul was the crossroads of trade between East and West.
 * Carried silk,tea,spices and porcelain.
 * From the Black sea and southern Russian came with furs,grain and amber.
 * From Europe mirrors and drugs.
 * There was considerable state supervision in commerce and many regulations and a tax on almost every transaction
 * They needed licensed for merchants and other business.
 * When employee left a company, government notified
 * Who cheat, they get punishment
 * Profit was limited to 10percents and government tried to protect trade and keep it fairy.
 * Coffee associated Ottomans and Europeans.
 * Turkish coffee, was popular.
 * Usually the tax was 10%~20%
 * Taxation on Muslims done with tithes, non-Moslems paid a poll tax
 * In 1600, Ottoman empire was important market for Europe, but not in 1900.
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Internal trade was more important than international.



**Religion**

 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Non-Muslim communities were organized according to the millet system.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Gave minority religious/ethnic/geographical
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif;">The majority was Muslims, while Christians and Jews coexisted as the minority

**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Social **

 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Ottoman Turks did not regard their rulers favorably
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Many of the people living in the empire were christinas or jews
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">In religious and cultural matters, the turks granted toleration and self-control to non-Muslims under their own religious leaders.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">More equality for women, with trading in real estate.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">No pretense of equality in Ottoman society or governmental affairs
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Diversity of lands governed
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Important merchant class
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 12pt;">Constantinople highly sophisticated, cosmopolitan city.

**Rise to Power**

 * Expanded overland while other European countries expanded overseas
 * Led by a great leader ‘Suleyman the Magnificent’
 * Ruled most of eastern Europe, western Asia and North Africa
 * Great army of mounted and foot soldiers (Janissaries)
 * Ruled by a sultan, an absolute ruler
 * Aided by strong bureaucracy, who often were army officers; top official was the "grand vizier";



**Downfall of the empire**

 * Suleyman the ‘magnificent’ died in 1566
 * 1600s the empire began its slow decline
 * The economy suffered due to the loss of sea routes control
 * Poor Government
 * Conflicts over the succession of the sultanate
 * Corruption
 * Rebellion among the Janissaries (the elite slave troops)
 * Failed policy reforms
 * Lost in WW1



**Impact on the world**

 * At the beginning of November 1914, the Ottoman Empire, fought the WW1 against the ‘triple entente

media type="youtube" key="8mwPhTS3GTw" height="315" width="420"

**Citations :**
<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">Wong, Dennis. "UNIT III: 1450 - 1750 C.E.." //History Haven//. Native Populations of the Americas, 1977. Web. 23 Jan 2012. <http://www.historyhaven.com/APWH/unit 3/UNIT III NOTES.htm>.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">"BBC Religion." //Ottoman Empire (1301-1922)//. BBC, n.d. Web. 23 Jan 2012. [].

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 16px;">"The Economy in the Ottoman Empire." . N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Jan 2012. <http://ottomanempire.info/economy.htm>.\

// World history: People & nations //. Austin, Texas: Holt Rinehart & Winston, 2000