HOW+VARIAN+FRY+HELPED+THE+JEWS+(MEEN.HYEJIN,YUUKA)

2. How they helped the Jews - Using his job he could make a fake document and helped anti-Nazi people to escape from France. People who were jewish or people who wanted to fight the nazis needed fake documents like a passport with a different name. They needed to change their identitis. He made a route to help the jews to escape. Escape route is a path where jewish people could hide. The Emergency Rescue Committee, a private American relief organization, sent Fry to France to aid anti-Nazi refugees who were in danger of being arrested by the german police. Beginning in 1940, in Marseille, despite the watchful eye of the collaborationist Vichy regime, he and a small group of volunteers hid people at the Villa Air-Bel until they could be smuggled out. More than 2,200 people were taken across the border to the safety of neutral Portugal from which they made their way to the U.S Others he helped escape on ships leaving Marseille for the French colony of Martinique, from which they too could go to the United States. Among Fry's closest associates were Americans Miriam Davenport, a former art student at the Sorbonne, and the heiress Mary Jayne Gold, a lover of the arts and the "good life" who had come to Paris in the early 1930s. When the Nazis seized France in 1940, Gold went to Marseille, where she worked with Fry and helped finance his operation. Also working with Fry was a young academic named Albert O. Hirschman, who eventually went on to a distinguished career in America.